Espalier orchard is an important component of the botanical garden's collections. It shows the application of ornamental gardening in a temperate climate, as well as the possibilities of introducing fruit plants into urban environment.

It was founded at the beginning of the 1960s to create a collection of apple and pear varieties for further study of their winter hardiness. Special attention was paid to the creation of various artificial decorative forms of fruit trees. The orchard presents specific methods of crown formation: trellises, borders, palmettes, spindle-shaped and cup-shaped forms. These approaches allow rational use of space, improve crown illumination and at the same time create a clear landscape architectonics.

The orchard presents traditional fruit crops of the Rosaceae, including the apple tree (Malus domestica) and the pear tree (Pyrus communis), which are formed in the horizontal and fan-shaped palmettes. There are also species of the Prunus: wild cherry tree (Prunus avium), cherry tree (Prunus cerasus) and plum tree (Prunus domestica).

Pear tree (Pyrus communis) — is a deciduous tree native to Central and Eastern Europe. It grows in the understorey of deciduous and mixed forest, on clearings, and forest edges.

The crown is usually pyramidal or rounded. The tree reaches 2-12 m. The leaves are elliptic, smooth, dark green, with a shiny surface. The flowers are white, up to 3 cm in diameter, consist of five petals. It has inferior ovary. They are collected in inflorescences and bloom in April. The fruits are pears, juicy, yellow, orange or greenish. They ripen in August - October, depending on the variety. For better quality, the fruits are harvested before they are fully ripe. Pears store well and can ripen later. This process is called bletting.

The plant is shade-tolerant, but prefers sunny places with fertile soils. Pear tree is sensitive to excessive moisture. It requires winter cooling to produce fruit, but it is less frost-resistant than the apple tree. The tree responds well to crown formation and requires timely pruning. Used in fruit growing and landscaping.

Cherry tree (Prunus cerasus) is a deciduous tree up to 10 m tall. It is an interspecific hybrid (P. avium × P. fructicosa) of the sweet cherry and the steppe cherry. It is widespread in most of Europe, North Africa and Western Asia.

The tree forms a rounded, well-branched crown. The leaves are simple, petiolate, broadly elliptical, dark green on upper side and lighter on downside, reaching a length of 8 cm. The flowers are white, collected in inflorescences of 2-3 flowers. They have sepals and petals — five each. It blooms from April to early May, until the leaves fully appear. The tree is a good honey plant. Its fruit is sweet and sour, a spherical drupe, up to 1 cm in diameter, the pulp is edible. It bears fruit from the second half of June. The cherry tree is used in horticulture. In 2022, the world production of cherries amounted to 1.6 million tons.

In addition to the main fruit trees, the garden composition is complemented by: common quince (Cydonia oblonga), Japanese quince (Chaenomeles japonica), cornelian cherry (Cornus mas), and climbing plants: super-hardy kiwi (Actinidia kolomicta), common grape vine (Vitis vinifera), and magnolia berry (Schisandra chinensis) create picturesque arches. These plants are distinguished by abundant flowering, edible fruits, and moderate resistance to urban conditions.

Japanese quince (Chaenomeles japonica) is a deciduous shrub native to Japan. It reaches 1–1.5 m in height, has a dense, branched crown. Shoots are often prickly. The leaves are small, shiny, dark green, from lanceolate to obovate in shape, up to 15 cm. They have large stipules 1 cm long and 1.5 to 2 cm wide, kidney-shaped and serrated along the edge, they grow only on long shoots. Flowers are 3 to 4 cm wide, bright orange or red. They bloom in early spring before the leaves appear. Usually 2-3 flowers are located together. It attracts a variety of insects, which contributes to biodiversity in the garden. The fruit is apple-shaped, 4 to 7 cm in diameter, golden yellow, edible but hard and tart.

The plant is light-requiring and drought-resistant. It can grow on all types of soil, but grows very slowly on limestone soil. It tolerates urban conditions well. The bushes can be trimmed into hedges. They are used in decorative landscaping. It is also grown as a bonsai.

Cornelian cherry (Cornus mas) is a deciduous shrub or small tree of the Cornaceae family, native to Western Asia and Europe. The plant is 2–8 m tall. The crown is dense, spreading and rounded. Young shoots are greenish-gray and old ones are covered with gray, cracked bark. The leaves are opposite, elliptic, green. The flowers are small, yellow, collected in umbellate inflorescences, have inferior ovary. Each inflorescence has 5-9 flowers surrounded by a common four leafed bract. It blooms in early spring, before the leaves appear. Cornelian cherry is good early spring honey plant and pollinator. The fruits are oblong red drupes. They are harvested when fully ripe.

The plant is frost-resistant, drought-resistant and shade-tolerant. Furthermore, it tolerates urban conditions well. It occurs in the undergrowth of deciduous and mixed forests. It is used in medicine, nutrition and landscaping. Cornelian cherry withstands pruning well, it can even be turned into a tree. It is recommended in landscaping for creating small groups and hedges. Also it is a valuable soil-protecting species in forest-ameliorative plantations along the banks, which, rapidly multiplying shoots, fixes the soil.

The scientific significance of the espalier orchard is the study of growth processes, phenological phases, productivity, and winter hardiness of various plant species and varieties.